招商引资、外资准入、税收激励、利润汇回、投资保护——我们持续把哈萨克斯坦等中亚国家的最新法律法规与政策动态，译为国家通用语言文字，帮中国商人群体降低出海的信息门槛。Investment promotion, market access, tax incentives, profit repatriation, investment protection — we continuously translate the latest Central Asian laws and policy updates into standard Chinese, lowering the information barrier for Chinese businesses going global.
专栏定位与免责声明：本专栏面向有中亚业务或出海意向的中国商人，提供法规与政策动态的中文参考译文。译文由 AI 初翻、经合伙人审校后发布；正式引用请以哈萨克斯坦等国官方俄文 / 哈文 / 英文文本为准。本专栏不构成法律意见，重大决策请咨询合作律所。Scope & disclaimer: This column offers Chinese reference translations of Central Asian laws and policy updates for Chinese businesses. Drafts are machine-translated and reviewed by our partner firm before publishing; for formal citation, rely on each country's official Russian / Kazakh / English text. This column is not legal advice — consult our partner law firm for major decisions.
我们汇总五国官方法律文本入口：民法典，以及外商投资、招商引资层面的法律法规，全部指向官方或政府公报发布的原文（以俄文 / 当地语言为主）。点击直达；正式引用请以官方文本为准。Direct entry points to each country's official legal databases: civil codes plus foreign-investment and investment-promotion laws — all pointing to official gazette texts (mostly in Russian or local languages). For formal citation, rely on the official text.
民法典：1994 年起分编施行，含后续修订。
投资类：《企业家法典》（2015，汇集投资优惠与特区 / 工业区制度）、《经济特区与工业区法》。Civil code: in force in parts since 1994, with later amendments. Investment: the Business Code (2015, consolidating investment incentives and SEZ / industrial-zone regimes) and the SEZ & Industrial Zones Law.
民法典：1996 年施行，含后续修订。
投资类：《外国投资法》（2019 年新版施行），以及各类特区与招商优惠立法。Civil code: in force since 1996, with later amendments. Investment: the Law on Foreign Investments (2019 edition) and special-zone / investment-promotion legislation.
民法典：现行民法典及历次修订。
投资类：《吉尔吉斯共和国投资法》（2003），明确投资争议解决与保护框架。Civil code: the current Civil Code and its amendments. Investment: the Investment Law of the Kyrgyz Republic (2003), covering dispute resolution and protection.
民法典：现行民法典及历次修订。
投资类：《投资法》（2007），规定投资待遇、保障与争议解决。Civil code: the current Civil Code and its amendments. Investment: the Investment Law (2007) on treatment, guarantees and dispute resolution.
民法典：现行民法典及历次修订。
投资类：《外国投资法》及特区招商相关立法。Civil code: the current Civil Code and its amendments. Investment: the Law on Foreign Investments and related special-zone legislation.
司法部官网检索（土 / 俄文，公开电子文本有限）→Ministry of Justice (TM / RU, limited public texts) →
建议路径：先查投资法与特区优惠（能不能进、有什么好处）→ 再核民法典合同编（怎么签、违约怎么办）→ 涉税回看中国—中亚双边税收协定。原文均为俄文 / 当地语言；需要中文参考译文，可用本专栏译介，或直接告诉我们条号。Suggested path: check the investment law and SEZ incentives first (can you enter, and on what terms), then the contract part of the civil code (how to sign, what if breached), then the China–Central Asia tax treaties. All texts are in Russian or local languages — for Chinese reference versions, use this column or tell us the article number.
每个工作日汇总五国经济、法律与招商政策动向：新法规、特区与优惠调整、涉外资执法与口径变化，中文整理呈现。以下为最新动态。Each working day we compile economic, legal and investment-policy developments across the five states — new laws, SEZ and incentive changes, foreign-investment enforcement shifts — presented in Chinese. Latest entries below.
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📰 动态由 AI 初翻、合伙人审校后发布，仅为信息整理与参考译文，不构成法律意见；正式引用以各国官方发布为准。Entries are machine-drafted and reviewed before publishing — information only, not legal advice. For formal citation, rely on official releases.
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哈萨克斯坦在营特区16个，入区企业优先活动收入免企业所得税、土地税、财产税，9个特区运营期延至2049年；AIFC企业最长50年免企业所得税。乌兹别克斯坦28个特区，企业所得税免征按投资额分档（300–500万美元免3年 / 500–1500万免5年 / 1500万以上免10年），标准税率15%冻结至2028年。Kazakhstan: 16 SEZs; CIT, land and property tax exempt for qualifying income; nine SEZs extended to 2049; AIFC up to 50 years CIT-free. Uzbekistan: 28 SEZs, CIT exemption tiers by investment (USD 3–5M: 3 yrs / 5–15M: 5 yrs / 15M+: 10 yrs); 15% CIT frozen until 2028.
来源：哈萨克斯坦《经济特区与工业区法》（2019）、哈通社、国家税务总局投资税收问答；乌兹别克斯坦《税法典》（UP-229号总统令）、PwC Tax Summaries。Sources: KZ SEZ Law (2019), Kazinform, STA of China tax Q&A; UZ Tax Code (Decree UP-229), PwC Tax Summaries.
哈萨克斯坦AIFC法院与国际仲裁中心（IAC）自2018年运行：独立于哈司法体系、适用英国普通法、英文审理、判决终局、支持远程听证，至2026年8月已审结执行5400余件。中亚五国均为1958年《纽约公约》缔约国，外国仲裁裁决可请求当地法院承认与执行。The AIFC Court and IAC (since 2018): independent of the Kazakh judiciary, English common law, final judgments, remote hearings; 5,400+ cases closed by Aug 2026. All five Central Asian states are New York Convention parties — foreign arbitral awards are enforceable locally.
来源：AIFC Court / IAC 官方资料、UNCITRAL《纽约公约》缔约国名单、CIS London 执行报告（2018）。Sources: AIFC Court / IAC official materials, UNCITRAL NY Convention status list, CIS London enforcement report (2018).
中国已与中亚五国全部生效避免双重征税协定：乌兹别克1996签/1997执，哈萨克2001签/2004执，吉尔吉斯2002签/2004执，塔吉克2008签/2010执，土库曼2009签/2011执。享受协定优惠税率（股息/利息/特许权使用费）需提供中国税收居民身份证明。China has double-tax treaties in force with all five Central Asian states: UZ 1996/1997, KZ 2001/2004, KG 2002/2004, TJ 2008/2010, TM 2009/2011 (signed/applied). Reduced treaty rates require a Chinese tax-residency certificate.
来源：国家税务总局协定生效执行公告（国税发〔2003〕43号、〔2009〕92号、2011年第10号、第79号等）。Sources: STA of China circulars on treaty entry into force ([2003] No.43, [2009] No.92, 2011 No.10/79).
出海考察、现场谈判、政府与园区接洽，最怕的不是纸面条款，是当面那句没听懂的话。我们协同有中亚实地经验的双语译员，提供俄语及中亚当地语言的线下翻译陪同，可与本团队的风险诊断与合同审查协同使用。On due-diligence trips and live negotiations, the biggest risk is the sentence you didn't catch. We coordinate bilingual interpreters with on-the-ground Central Asia experience — Russian and local languages — working alongside our risk diagnosis and contract review.
商务考察与工厂 / 园区走访；投资洽谈与合同谈判现场；政府部门与招商机构接洽；展会、签约与交付环节陪同。Business trips, factory and SEZ visits; live investment and contract negotiations; meetings with government and investment-promotion bodies; expos, signings and delivery milestones.
中文 ↔ 俄语（中亚通用商务语言），以及哈萨克语、乌兹别克语、吉尔吉斯语等当地语言；谈判要点可当场整理成中文纪要。其他语言按行程需求确认。Chinese ↔ Russian (the regional business lingua franca), plus Kazakh, Uzbek, Kyrgyz and other local languages; negotiation points can be minuted in Chinese on the spot. Other languages by request.
① 提交行程时间、地点与场景 → ② 确认译员语言方向与档期 → ③ 签服务确认单（载明时间、地点、费用与边界）→ 按天计费，行程确认后排期。① Submit your itinerary and scenarios → ② confirm the interpreter, language pair and schedule → ③ sign a service confirmation stating time, place, fee and scope. Daily billing, scheduled once the trip is confirmed.
🗣️ 翻译陪同为语言与商务服务安排，不属于法律意见或代理；涉及正式法律事务的，按服务边界由合作律所办理。Interpretation is a language and business-support arrangement, not legal advice or representation; formal legal matters are handled by our partner law firm within the stated scope.
告诉我们你在中亚遇到的具体合规问题，我们优先译介。Tell us your concrete Central Asia compliance question — we prioritize it.
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